Schizophrenia has actually impacted many individuals throughout history. It is a severe, chronic and disabling brain disorder. There are 3 forms of schizophrenia: paranoid, catatonic and disorganized. Dealt with correctly, this illness can be handled as well as cured. People with this health problem are typically frightened by their own distorted ideas and actions. Typically, they hear voices or sounds others do not hear. Paranoia can embed in, making them believe someone else is managing their minds or will harm them. At present, the particular cause of this disorder is still unidentified. However you have a much better opportunity of getting the treatment you require if you know the nursing medical diagnosis for schizophrenia.
What Are the Nursing Diagnosis for Schizophrenia?
It is necessary to be knowledgeable about schizophrenia’s nursing medical diagnosis since the health problem causes a vast array of symptoms that differ from one individual to the next. Individuals suffering from this disorder have a hard time discriminating between genuine and unbelievable occasions, keeping sociability, thinking in a reasonable manner and promoting normal feelings.
Care Plans For Schizophrenia
- Hopelessness
- Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
- Disturbed body image
- Disturbed thought processes
- Disturbed sleep pattern
- Risk for other-directed violence
- Bathing or hygiene self-care deficit
- Disturbed personal identity
- Disturbed sensory perception (auditory, visual, kinesthetic)
- Risk for injury
- Impaired verbal communication
- Impaired social interaction
- Disabled family coping
- Powerlessness
- Ineffective role performance
- Dressing or grooming self-care deficit
- Risk for self-directed violence
- Ineffective coping
- Social isolation
- Fear
- Impaired home maintenance
- Anxiety
Types of Schizophrenia and How to React
1. Risk for Violence
- Panic or anger
- Rigid posture, clenched fists
- Limited attention span
- Torturing of others
- Irritation or uneasyness
- Aggressive in spoken and non-verbal communication
Interventions
- Keep surrounding area without high level stimuli.
- Routinely observe patient at regular intervals.
- Offer the patient something to show its aggressive actions.
- Administer proper medications and display for efficiency and side effects.
- Do not acknowledge impolite comments or habits.
- Have personnel with the ability to limit patient if required and produce a safe environment.
- Preserve a calm disposition towards the patient and set borders for unacceptable actions.
2. Altered Thought Processes
- Delusional thinking
- Moving from one subject to another
- Unable to remain focused
- Intensified response to normal stimuli
- Irregular interaction
- Hallucinations
- Problems in problem solving
Interventions
Information verified by the iytmed.com team.
- Speak clearly and straight to patient in a simple and professional manner.
- Describe all treatments, tests and medications to patient prior to using them.
- Let patient have as much control as possible within therapy limitations.
- Keep constant expectations and rules for acceptable and non-disruptive habits.
- Teach patients how to use thought-stopping and focus techniques.
- Go over patients’ sensations when they are experiencing disturbing and delusional thoughts.
- Provide alternative ways to reveal feelings in appropriate, non-threatening ways.
3. Social Isolation
- Depression
- Limited or no interaction with others
- Sad facial expressions
- Minimal or no eye contact with others
- Reliant use of non-verbal interaction
- Avoidance of social situations
Interventions
- Develop schedule for frequent, yet short patient conferences.
- Preserve distance from patient till trust established.
- Prevent touching patient unless suitable and necessary.
- Teach social skills and how to interact with others.
- Help patient in selecting and participating in social activities.
- Offer words of support and appreciation for all social interaction efforts.
4. Sensory and Perceptual Alterations Related to Hallucinations
- Unusual body feelings
- Little or no interaction with nurse or others
- Unable to focus
- Inappropriate reactions and responses to truth
Interventions
- Encourage patient to discuss their hallucinations and interact with patient during event but do not counsel up until episode has ended.
- Do not argue with patients, however discuss others do not share their sensory perceptions.
- Monitor for symptoms and signs of hallucinating, such as taking a look around or talking to themselves.
- Help determine and handle triggers and sensations that cause hallucinations or illusions.
- Place patient in peaceful environment and encourage tasked-based activities.
- Teach patient distraction techniques and include them in concrete activities so as to bring them back to truth.
5. Impaired Verbal Communication
- Absence of feeling in spoken communication
- Failure to believe abstractly
- Little use of speech
- Unable to reveal cause of agitation
- Incongruent non-verbal communication
Interventions
- Permit time for constant individually interaction with patient.
- Notify patient when you are not able to comprehend what they are trying to communicate.
- Verbalize sensations and model expressions of feelings for patients.
- Consult with patient about individual interests, favorite activities and hobbies.
- Watch out for open communication on subjects that are significant and crucial to patient.
6. Ineffective Individual Coping
- Feelings of solitude and rejection
- Avoidance of interaction and people
- Regression and forecast defenses
- Not able to carry out everyday self-care jobs
- Physical and psychological withdrawal
Interventions
- Teach patient to explain in words feelings.
- Only touch patient when suitable and help is required.
- Assist patient in recognizing unusual or spontaneous actions and how to control them.
- Teach and practice everyday living skills with patient.
- Assess patient’s reactions to unanticipated events and circumstances in clinical environment.
7. Ineffective Individual Coping
- Facial expressions of anger
- Increased psychomotor activity while egotistical
- Abundance of pacing
- Lack of control
- Speaking previous incidents of violence
- Verbal and non-verbal hazards
Interventions
- Produce a quiet, non-stimulating setting.
- Teach patient methods to control agitation.
- Offer patient appropriate medications and monitor side effects and effectiveness.
- Use physical restraints as a last resort.
- Assist patient in recognizing stressors and triggers of agitation.
- Talk about unfavorable feels and how to keep these feelings from escalating.
- Teach patient how to leaving from scenarios that will activate agitation.
- Enhance positive behaviors.
